高温高压实验及原位测量技术   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王慧媛  郑海飞 《地学前缘》2009,16(1):17

文中简述了高温高压实验技术及其发展现状,主要涉及高温高压实验装置及高温高压原位实验测量技术两方面内容。重点介绍了:(1)金刚石压腔、大体积压力机、高压釜等静态高压实验技术和动高压实验技术及其特征;(2)拉曼、红外、X-射线衍射及同步辐射等高温高压原位谱学研究;(3)超声波、布利渊散射、核共振非弹性X-射线散射等高压物质弹性波速原位测量技术研究现状及其进展;(4)金刚石压腔、大压力机中高温高压电导率的原位测量技术研究现状及其进展。  相似文献   

综合工程物探在九寨沟核心景区水循环系统研究中应用评价     

武斌  汪智  张淳  刘鹏鹏  易攀 《四川地质学报》2009,29(2):213-216

综合物探技术是一种高新技术,在岩土工程中有广泛的应用前景。文章介绍了瑞雷波勘探和直流电法在九寨沟核心景区水循环系统中的应用,对方法原理进行了简单阐述,并探讨了对综合工程物探技术在九寨沟景区第四系化学沉积钙华层和冰碛地层的划分的分析评价。  相似文献   

High-Frequency Rayleigh-Wave Method     

Jianghai Xia  Richard D Millerg  Xu Yixian  Luo Yinhe  Chen Chao  Liu Jiangping  Julian Ivanov  Chong Zeng 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(3)

High-frequency (≥2 Hz) Rayleigh-wave data acquired with a multichannei recording sys-tem have been utilized to determine shear (S)-wave velocities in near-surface geophysics since the early 1980s. This overview article discusses the main research results of high-frequency surface-wave tech-niques achieved by research groups at the Kansas Geological Survey and China University of Geosciences in the last 15 years. The multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) method is a nou-iuvasive acoustic approach to estimate near-surface S-wave velocity. The differences between MASW results and direct borehole measurements are approximately 15% or less and random. Studies show that simultaneous inversion with higher modes and the fundamental mode can increase model resolution and an investigation depth. The other important seismic property, quality factor (Q), can also be estimated with the MASW method by inverting attenuation coefficients of Rayleigh waves. An inverted model (S-wave velocity or Q) obtained using a damped least-squares method can be assessed by an optimal damping vector in a vicinity of the inverted model determined by an objective function, which is the trace of a weighted sum of model-resolution and model-covariance matrices. Current developments include modeling high-frequency Rayleigh-waves in near-surface media, which builds a foundation for shallow seismic or Rayleigh-wave inversion in the time-offset domain; imaging dispersive energy with high resolution in the frequency-velocity domain and possibly with data in an arbitrary acquisition geometry, which opens a door for 3D surface-wave techniques; and successfully separating surface-wave modes, which provides a valuable tool to perform S-wave velocity profiling with high-horizontal resolution.  相似文献   

某工程地基软弱夹层的补强设计与检测   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张海东  谢晓峰  刘天书 《岩土工程技术》2009,23(2):95-99

对于地基主要受力层范围内局部存在软弱夹层的复杂地质条件,通常的处理方法或挖除换填或采用复合地基,针对具体工程探讨了的不同补强处理设计和施工方法的适用性,利用以往的研究成果,提出了按沉降控制进行补强设计的新思路,并针对处理后的深层复合土层不便直观和开挖检验的难题,结合多道瞬态面波法检验补强加固效果,实现了预期的目的,为类似工程实践提供了有益的借鉴。  相似文献   

电磁波SYT法在隐伏区寻找含金矿化 异常带中的应用     

杨武洋 《地质与勘探》2009,45(2):68-73

通常运用地质、地球物理以及钻探的方法来确定金属矿体的赋存状态,地球物理方法中常用的探测手段主要有地面伽玛能谱测量法、X射线荧光法、浅层地震、地电化学参数法和地电化学提取法等.SYT法接收反射回来的带有地下地质信息的电磁波,再经过特殊的数据处理而得到的反映地下地层物性特征的曲线和柱状,可以用来进行地质解释,运用该方法对山东牟平隐伏区的含金矿化异常带进行了探测研究,探测结果显示,在SYT法探测曲线中,含金矿化带有明显的异常特征,可以用来确定金属矿体的埋深和厚度.  相似文献   

应用多光谱ASTER数据对ETM遥感异常的定性判别研究——以东昆仑五龙沟为例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张玉君  姚佛军 《岩石学报》2009,25(4):963-970

文中讨论了新的找矿参数——蚀变遥感异常的地质基础和光谱前提,在矿床地质学和蚀变矿物光谱参数特征的基础上,编制了一张用于遥感异常提取及对其地质解释的表格。ETM遥感异常提取技术已在全国推广,ASTER数据可以在三个方面对已推广的ETM起到重要的补充作用：1.利用短波红外增设的波段,对某些矿致异常区分其矿化（矿床）类型;2.利用增设的热红外波段区分某些岩性;3.可有助于解决ETM因第7波段太宽而产生的许多疑难问题。本文以东昆仑五龙沟为例讨论了ASTER对于解决ETM遥感异常性质判别困难方面的作用。  相似文献   

汶川地震地质灾害发育特点及动因机制分析   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

乔彦肖马中社  吕凤军 《中国地质》2009,36(3):736-741

汶川地震地质灾害具有发生范围大、密度大、明显的成群成带性、灾害类型以崩塌滑坡为主、且崩塌远多于滑坡以及次生地质灾害将长期存在的特点.这些特点主要是由于地震波自(地壳)内而外的、纵波和横波的连环传播导致山体先是结构性损伤,继而使表层岩土体失稳而造成的.岩性、地形地貌以及岩层倾向的差异也在一定程度上影响着灾害类型的发育和空间分布.汶川地震次生地质灾害防治将是一个任务艰巨、过程漫长、前所未有、充满科技挑战的一项系统工程.  相似文献   

Estimation of wave period statistics using numerical coastal wave model     

G. Muraleedharan  Mourani Sinha  A. D. Rao  N. Unnikrishnan Nair  P. G. Kurup 《Natural Hazards》2009,49(2):165-186

We used field and model wave data to investigate that zero crossing and average wave period distribution follow Gamma distribution. Since Gamma CDF is an infinite power series, further mathematical treatment is difficult. Hence its shape parameter is approximated to the nearest integer to arrive at Erlang distribution. An expression is derived from Erlang distribution to estimate various mean wave periods and significant wave period and validated by relative root mean square (RRMS) error criteria. It is shown by mathematical logic that the significant wave period distribution follows Erlang (or Gamma) distribution and is validated. The average of one-third and one-tenth highest wave periods (T _s ) estimated from Erlang distribution are in accordance with the values computed from recorded buoy and numerical coastal wave model wave period data. The predicted T _s values from coastal wave model wave period data underestimates the values from buoy wave period data.  相似文献   

Theoretical Derivation of a Peak Particle Velocity–Distance Law for the Prediction of Vibrations from Blasting     

Luigi Sambuelli 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2009,42(3):547-556

I would like to suggest a theoretical justification for the mathematical structure of some laws for predicting the maximum particle velocity vibration from blasting operations in the light of some basic notions of elastic and anelastic wave theory. Within this point of view, in dimensionally correct expressions, the terms pertaining to the rock, to the blast and to the seismic wave become evident and recognisable. A law is presented that can be used to forecast the maximum particle velocity on the basis of some blast design and rock parameters. Four tests of the proposed law performed with real data sets seem to confirm fairly well its reliability.  相似文献   

深层钻探的电磁信息传输方式研究          下载免费PDF全文

张清 《探矿工程》2009,36(10):15-17,20

电磁随钻技术承载信息量大、传输速度快,便于对井下情况进行实时监控,受钻井工艺的影响小,近年来该技术的应用发展十分迅速。概述了目前井下钻探中电磁信号传输应用的基本方式,采用等效传输线方法分析了井下发射极的结构参数,并进行了初步试验验证。试验结果能部分验证理论的正确性,但仍有部分参数的计算无法根据理论模型做出合理解释,其试验结果也不甚合理,尚需进一步改善理论模型,以便更好地理解钻杆／大地电磁传输系统。  相似文献